Demographics
Population:
Population: 10,090,000 inhabitants (2009)
Density: 208.2 inhabitants per sq. km
The five largest cities are:
- Santo Domingo 2061200
- Santiago 458000
- La Romana 182500
- San Pedro de Macoris 159000
- San Francisco de Macoris 133500
Welfare:
The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the Dominican Republic stood at an estimated 1.7 percent, and an estimated 88,000 HIV/AIDS-positive Dominican, as of 2003. In the Dominican Republic, HIV/AIDS has become the leading cause of death among teenagers and adults between 15-49 years old.
In 2006, sentinel surveillance of pregnant women of all ages reported seroprevalence of 3.4 percent at four sites and 5.9 percent at one site. However, in the Santo Domingo National District, antenatal clinics have noted a decline in prevalence, probably because of a successful prevention campaign.
According to WHO, the estimated incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) in the Dominican Republic (40 cases per 100,000 people in 2005) is one of the highest in the Americas. Data on HIV-TB co-infection, albeit limited to certain areas of the country, suggest that 6 to 11 percent of TB patients are infected with HIV. Therefore, the Dominican Republic has the potential for a burgeoning epidemic of TB along with HIV. National HIV-TB guidelines have been recently developed and HIV-TB activities have been included in national plans. While the country has introduced some HIV-TB collaborative activities (e.g., isoniazid prophylaxis for HIV-infected people and provision of antiretroviral therapy [ART]), there are no data on the number of HIV-infected TB patients receiving ART.
Education:
Primary education is officially free and compulsory for children between the ages of 5 and 14, although those who live in isolated areas have limited access to schooling. Primary schooling is followed by a two–year intermediate school and a four–year secondary course, after which a diploma called the bachillerato (high school diploma), is awarded.
Relatively few lower–income students succeed in reaching this level, due to financial hardships and limitation due to location. Most of the wealthier students attend private schools, which are frequently sponsored by religious institutions. Some public and private vocational schools are available, particularly in the field of agriculture, but this too reaches only a tiny percentage of the population.
Religion:
The majority of the people of the Dominican Republic claim to be Christian, with over 90% of those claiming Roman Catholicism as their religion. Dominican Catholicism is an eclectic mix of Roman Catholic traditions and African-rooted religions/ceremonies, or Santeria, and is widespread in the Dominican Republic. There are some small Protestant, Seventh Day Adventist, Baptist, Mormon and Jewish communities throughout the Dominican Republic as well.